Temperature of heating radiators in the apartment

Battery temperature

Even in winter it can be cold in the apartment. Perhaps due to such reasons, ranging from airiness of the system, in this case it is recommended to work with professionals or yourself, ending with the unsuitability of radiators. Here, you need to call a specialist.

When answering the questions - what temperature should the batteries be in an apartment during the heating season according to the law and what temperature should the batteries be in winter - there is no correct answer.

There are different situations, and the only way out is to measure the t of the air in the room itself, but when there is a gunner heating system, then max t is +95. For an optimal feeling in the radiator room, the temperature should be in the range of +80-90°C.

The impact of temperature on the characteristics of the coolant

In addition to the factors listed above, the temperature of the water in the heating pipes affects its characteristics. The method of functioning of gravity heating systems is based on this. As the water heating value increases, it expands and circulation appears.

Coolants for heating systems

But when using antifreeze, exceeding normal temperatures in radiators can lead to different results. Therefore, for heating with a coolant other than water, it is necessary to first determine the permissible heating values. This does not apply to the temperature of the central heating radiators in the apartment, since such devices do not use antifreeze-based liquids.

Antifreeze is used if there is a risk of exposure to low temperatures on radiators. Unlike water, it does not change from liquid to crystalline at 0 degrees. But if the heat supply operation exceeds the norms of the temperature table for heating to a greater extent, the following phenomena may be observed:

foaming This contributes to an increase in coolant volume and pressure level. There will be no reverse process when the antifreeze cools;
the appearance of limescale. Antifreeze contains mineral components. If the heating temperature in the apartment is violated, they precipitate. Over time, this leads to clogged pipes and radiators;
increase in density. Malfunctions of the circulation pump may occur if its rated power was not designed to handle such situations.

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Therefore, it is much easier to monitor the water temperature in the heating system of a private home than to control the heating level of antifreeze. Moreover, substances based on ethylene glycol emit gases that are harmful to humans when evaporated.

Today they are almost never used as a coolant in autonomous heating systems. Before using antifreeze in heating, it is necessary to replace all rubber seals with paranitic ones. This is due to the high level of permeability of this type of coolant.

Options for normalizing heating temperature

Minimum water temperatures in the heating system are not considered the main threat to its operation. This affects the microclimate in living rooms, but does not affect the operation of the heating supply. If the water heating norm is exceeded, emergency situations may occur.

Safety group for autonomous heating

When creating a heating scheme, you need to provide a list of measures aimed at preventing a critical increase in water temperature. First of all, this will lead to increased pressure and stress on the inside of pipes and radiators. If this happened once and lasted a short time, then the heating parts will not be damaged.

But such cases appear under the constant influence of specific factors. Most often this is the incorrect operation of a solid fuel boiler. To avoid breakdowns, it is necessary to upgrade the heating in the following way:

installation of a security group. It consists of an air vent, a bleed valve and a pressure gauge. If the water temperature reaches a critical level, these parts will eliminate excess coolant, thereby ensuring normal circulation of the liquid for its natural cooling;
mixing unit. It connects the return and supply pipes. Additionally, a two-way valve with a servo drive is mounted. The latter is connected to the temperature sensor. If the heating level exceeds the norm, the valve will open and a mixing of hot and cooled water flows will occur;
electronic heating control unit. It distributes the water temperature in different parts of the system. If the thermal regime is violated, it sends a corresponding signal to the boiler processor to reduce power.

These measures will prevent improper heating operation at the initial stage of the problem. It is most difficult to control the water temperature in systems with a solid fuel boiler. Therefore, for them, special attention must be paid to the selection of indicators of the safety group and the mixing unit.

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Heating standards in 2021 – 2021

SNiPami - responsible for the standard temperature of batteries during the heating season. In case of violation, an administrative, possibly criminal, case follows.

Below is a list of the normal temperature of batteries in an apartment during the heating season 2021 - 2021:

Living space +18C;
Corner apartment +20C;
Kitchen minimum +18C;
Bathroom +25C;
In the presence of cage and vestibule stairs, minimum +16C;
In the elevator +5C;
If there is an attic or basement, then +4C.

What you should know about the temperature in heating radiators in an apartment

You can screw a thermal head into the end of the battery.

To live comfortably in an apartment, you need to monitor the temperature of the batteries. To do this you need:

independently measure the temperature of the pipes (use regular, infrared, alcohol thermometers or a special electrical device with a thermocouple);
call utility workers if the temperature does not meet the standards (as a rule, it is lower than required);
if the temperature of the battery during the heating period in the apartment is higher than normal, then special taps can be used to regulate it.

A pleasant microclimate in an apartment is the key to health, so do not neglect it. In addition, the degree of air humidity plays a crucial role. If it is too dry, respiratory problems may result. The amount of fresh air is also standardized for each room separately. According to many experts, the standards are somewhat too high, so even if the air exchange is only half, this is quite acceptable.

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Measurements

First, it is worth understanding that in buildings with many apartments, air heat measurements begin to be taken in certain places. Starting from the plank, the thermometer should be at a minimum height of 1.5 m and from the outer walls the length of which is 1.0 m.

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It is worth considering that when t is underestimated from the norm, then, if confirmed, the owners are given a discount of 0.15%. Final measurements are taken at the end of every 60 minutes.

If confirmed, a measurement report is drawn up, one remains with the tenant. It is worth remembering that utility workers will fix the entire problem within a week, so there is no reason to worry if the temperature has not risen after two days.

Air exchange

For more comfortable and high-quality living in an apartment building, utility workers came up with one more thing - an air exchange barograph. There are several indicators to ensure that the air in the house is constantly changing.

In residential premises with an area of 18-20 m2, the air exchange is 3 m3/h per square meter.
In the kitchen there is 60 m3/h, provided there is a hob with two burners, if there are three burners then 75 m3/h, four then 90 m3/h.
In a bathroom with an area of 25 m2, the multiplicity becomes 25 m3/h.
Just like in the bathroom, a bathroom with an area of 25 m2 is then 50 m3/h, in a toilet, if the area is 16 m2, the multiplicity is 25 m3/h.

It is impossible for the temperature in the apartment to be taken into account, but the air exchange is not. They are interconnected and must be taken into account as a whole; only with such consideration can we talk about a comfortable life.

Warm water supply

The coolant is the water that we are so accustomed to turning on every day in our bathroom.

As one way to check what temperature the water is, you can simply insert a thermometer under the stream. If within fifty to seventy degrees Celsius, this is the norm; deviations can also be a maximum of four degrees.

It is worth remembering that each device has its own deviation scale, so when the result is obtained, you need to add one or two degrees.

Calculation of the optimal temperature of the heating device

The most important thing is that the most comfortable temperature for human existence is +37°C.

When choosing a radiator, you need to calculate whether the thermal power of the device is enough to heat the room. There is a special formula for this:

S*h*41:42,

where S is the area of the room;
h – room height;
41 – minimum power per 1 cubic m S;
42 – nominal thermal conductivity of one section according to the passport.

Please note that a radiator placed under a window in a deep niche will produce almost 10% less heat. A decorative box will take 15-20%.

When you use a radiator to maintain the desired temperature in a room, you have two options: you can use small radiators and increase the water temperature in them (high temperature heating) or install a large radiator, but the surface temperature will not be as high (low temperature heating) .

With high temperature heating, radiators are very hot and can cause burns if you touch them. In addition, at a high temperature of the radiator, the decomposition of dust settled on it may begin, which will then be inhaled by people.

When using low temperature heating, the appliances are slightly warm, but the room is still warm. In addition, this method is more economical and safe.

Cast iron radiators

The average heat output of a separate section of a radiator made of this material ranges from 130 to 170 W, due to the thick walls and large mass of the device. Therefore, it takes a lot of time to warm up the room. Although this also has the opposite advantage - high inertia ensures long-term retention of heat in the radiator after the boiler is turned off.

The coolant temperature in it is 85-90 °C

Aluminum radiators

This material is lightweight, easily heats up and has good heat dissipation from 170 to 210 watts/section. However, it is susceptible to the negative effects of other metals and may not be installed in every system.

The operating temperature of the coolant in the heating system with this radiator is 70°C

Steel radiators

The material has even lower thermal conductivity. But due to the increase in surface area with partitions and ribs, it still heats well. Heat output from 270 W is 6.7 kW. However, this is the power of the entire radiator, and not of its individual segment. The final temperature depends on the dimensions of the heater and the number of fins and plates in its design.

The operating temperature of the coolant in the heating system with this radiator is also 70°C

So which one is better?

It will probably be more profitable to install equipment with a combination of the properties of an aluminum and steel battery - a bimetallic radiator. It will cost you more, but it will also last longer.

Complaints

When the owner has personally measured the temperature, if the apartment is cold, the owner has every right to call the emergency service. It doesn't matter whether it's over the phone or in writing. After registration, specialists arrive at the resident’s address and accurately measure the temperature of the living space.

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As a rule, the departure of housing and communal services occurs very quickly. In a maximum of half an hour, they will already be at your door.
If the housing and communal services campaign did not fulfill its requirements, and the temperature did not rise, or even worse, it has every right to contact other campaigns.
To re-complain, you can send a letter to: “Regional Housing Inspectorate”; "Prosecutor's Office"; "Rospotrebnadzor".
It is worth mentioning that you can immediately send complaints to housing and communal services and higher authorities.