Sample memo for writing off receivables and payables

Letter No. 1

Dear Viktor Alexandrovich,

I remind you once again that by 04/01/2014 you are obliged to repay the debt in full under all existing agreements. If you are unable to do this, please arrange for us to meet with the director of your company before the specified date.

We hope for your integrity in resolving financial issues.

Letter No. 2

Dear Viktor Alexandrovich,

We kindly ask you to repay your current debt by April 1, 2014.

If the debt is not repaid within the specified time frame, we will be forced to go to court.

Letter No. 3

Dear Viktor Alexandrovich,

Clause No. 3 states (clause indicating full payment) that the Customer, after signing the certificate of completion of work, which occurred on March 1, 2014, must make a full payment for the services. But the Customer violated this condition of the Contract, and to date the work has not been paid for.

We strongly recommend that you pay the debt by April 15, 2014 to our current bank account.

Otherwise, we will apply to the Arbitration Court to forcibly collect the debt with the accrual of the appropriate penalty.

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Paying a debt to a third party: how to write a letter

Transferring debt to a third party is a convenient way to optimize settlements. Let's show this with an example. Organization A purchased the goods from organization B and then shipped it to organization C. In order not to “drive” money along the “C 'B 'A” chain, organization B invites organization C to pay the agreed amount directly to organization A.

If the payment deadline for the goods has arrived and organization C does not have to incur additional costs for transferring funds to organization A, then organization C is unlikely to refuse a request to pay the debt to a third party, i.e. organization A.

To inform the debtor about a change in the payment scheme, he needs to send a letter. How is a sample letter of authorization for payment to a third party drawn up? The letter is written in any form. It must indicate that the creditor is asking to transfer money to a third party on account of the existing debt, and also provide the details of such a person.

In a payment order to transfer money to a third party, you must indicate that the payment is being made for another person. This way, when paying by a third party by letter, the recipient’s risk can be minimized. After all, if there is no such clause in the payment order, and there is no letter from the direct payer stating that the payment was made on behalf of another person, such a payer will be able to later claim that the transfer was erroneous and demand a refund.

When paying by letter to a third party, the accounting entries are extremely simple: after confirmation of payment, each party, as a rule, reflects in the settlement accounts the closure of the corresponding debt in whole or in part.

Here is a sample letter about payment of debt to a third party.

Account 62 in accounting

Accounts receivable arise immediately upon shipment of products and are repaid within the terms established by the contract.
The reasons for the occurrence of accounts receivable can be explained by the following premises. The creditor organization receives additional sources of sales for its products, while the creditor, by shifting the loan repayment date, receives additional cash and current assets. receivable is a type of asset defined as the amount of debt of legal entities or individuals of an organization that arises from the sale of products on credit. In accounting, accounts receivable are understood as property rights and, therefore, accounts receivable are classified as property of the organization.

Demand for payment of debt

In your first letters about unpaid bills, you should be extremely polite - there should be no hint that your partner does not want to pay. If you are forced to write a series of letters requesting payment, each subsequent one can be made more firm, but remain within the bounds of politeness. According to our records, the amount of $4,500 is still outstanding on your account. We trust that our service was to your satisfaction, and we would appreciate your cooperation in resolving this matter as soon as possible.

We ask you to pay the debt letter

Business letters belong to the group of information and reference documents and constitute the bulk of official documents used in documenting the activities of an organization.

Most birch bark letters are private letters. They are dedicated to a wide variety of matters of current life - economic, family, monetary, trading, etc. Closely related to the category of private letters are petitions (XIV–XV centuries) to the feudal lord from the peasants.

A business letter is a kind of business card of an organization.

We ask you to pay the debt letter

We ask you to defer payment for services provided to us under Agreement No. [number] dated [date].

due to temporary financial difficulties of our company.

We are very sorry that we have still not been able to pay your invoice No. [number] dated [date].

Repayment of this amount will be carried out in 2 stages: 50% in January and 50% in February next year. You can rely on us to pay off our debt by the end of February.

We hope that you will come to meet us. According to the signed Agreement No. 107 dated 06/01/2014, we are obliged to repay the debt for services provided to us no later than 07/01/2014.

Debt repayment

When, according to the contract, one party has already provided a service or transferred a product, then one should expect that the debt will be paid soon. In case of repayment of the debt, you must again turn to account 62, but in a different way. The credit to account 62 will reflect the payment from the counterparty. With the credit of account 62, you most often need to use the debit of accounts 50, 51, 52, 55 . These accounts are used to record funds. Consequently, the posting of repayment of customer debt will be carried out as follows:

Debit 50 Credit 62 – receipt of payment.

This line indicates that the buyers' debt has been repaid, the money has been transferred to the seller's account, and the posting has been completed correctly.

Sometimes it is necessary to take into account not only the actual settlement after the transfer of ownership, but also such types of settlements as an advance or a bill of exchange.

Accounting for advances

An advance payment is a payment made for the purchased product before its actual receipt.

First you need to open a second sub-account, which reflects the advances received.

Receiving an advance payment is carried out as follows (Db - Debit, Kr - Credit):

Db 51 Kr 62-2 – Making an advance payment (including VAT).

To pay tax, you need to use account 76 with an open sub-account “VAT on advances”. This is done as follows:

Db 76/VAT on advances Kr 68 – Calculation of tax on advance payments

We transfer products:

Db 62-1 Kr 90-1 – reflection of actual revenue from the sale of goods.

It is necessary to charge VAT on the goods transferred to the client:

Db90-3 Kr 62-1 – VAT calculation

We take into account previously received funds:

Db 62-2 Kr 62-1 – Accounting for advances to pay off debts

We take into account VAT:

Db 68 Kr 76/VAT on advances – Acceptance for deduction of VAT on goods that were paid with an advance.

Accounting for bills received

Settlements between organizations do not always occur only directly in monetary amounts. Bills of exchange are often used.

A bill is a debt security that is drawn up in a prescribed form. There are different types of bills , but in this example we will be interested in a promissory note, according to which the drawer, without special conditions, undertakes to pay the specified amount to the holder of the bill. When using such a bill, there are only two parties involved: the one who is owed, and the one who owes.

To account for bills of exchange, you need to open subaccount 3 – “Bill of bills received”. After the actual sale of the product, the previously received bill of exchange is repaid. In general, the wiring looks like this:

Db 62 Kr 90.1 – revenue taken into account from the sale of goods.

DB 90-3 Kr 68/VAT – Calculation of tax on products sold.

Db 62-3 Kr 62-1 – Accounting for bills of exchange.

Db 51 Kr 62-3 – Repayment of a previously received bill.

We ask you to pay the debt letter

The management company (executor) has the right to limit or suspend the supply of certain utilities if the consumer has a debt for housing and communal services (more than 2 months), BUT only in the absence of an agreement on the procedure for repaying the debt or in the event of the consumer’s failure to fulfill such an agreement (clause 117 , 118 Rules No. 354). If you conscientiously fulfill the terms of the installment agreement, you can first submit a statement about the inadmissibility of turning off electricity to your management organization; if the issue is not resolved positively, you have the right to file a corresponding complaint with the State Housing Inspectorate or the prosecutor's office. #housing and communal services #housing and communal services I advise you not to pay old debts, but to pay new receipts.

We are not accumulating old debts. In court, it is enough to submit a written request to apply the statute of limitations and your debts will be reduced to the last three years.

The debt to the creditor was repaid from the current account by posting

Accounts receivable are reflected in accounting in the amounts determined by the parties in the relevant agreements and recorded in primary accounting documents (acts, invoices, etc.).

However, if debtors violate contractual obligations regarding the procedure and timing of payments, the initially recognized actual amount of receivables as of certain reporting dates may not reflect the real assessment of the organization’s assets.

Any information about actions performed on accounts is marked with a double entry, i.e. in the debit of one account and in the credit of another, for an identical amount.

It must contain information about each debtor, the amount of the debt, the reason for its occurrence, as well as documents regarding the receipt of funds to repay the receivables. In your accounting, you must reflect the following entries: Receipts from debtors to repay the debt. what wiring should I make? One main D 51 K 76/62 It’s great when they pay money.

Accepted for payment is the invoice of a) the transport organization for the delivery of materials to the enterprise (16 invoice) D16 K60 b) VAT on transport services (20 D18 K60 10.

The amount of the reserve is determined separately for each doubtful amount of debt. Formation of the reserve since 2011. became the responsibility of enterprises. How to reflect in the accounting records of an educational institution the receipt of receivables to a personal account opened with the Federal Treasury?

Some types of letters

"), from the first person plural ("Request"), from the third person singular (in this case, nouns with a collective meaning are used: "The management asks.

", "The administration is asking. ", "The Labor Council is asking. ", etc.), from the third person plural, if several nouns with a collective meaning are used.

Here is a sample request letter on the letterhead of a private enterprise: Currently, the partnership is not provided with raw materials and is forced to stop supplying products for.

Sample letter of guarantee for payment

A letter of guarantee most often refers to an obligation or confirmation of payment for the performance of work, provision of services, delivery of goods, their quality and timing.

In general, the subject of maintenance can be payment for any actions. A letter of guarantee can be addressed to both organizations and individuals.

2. Legally significant phrase-obligation of the following sample:

“we guarantee payment for something (for example, rent of premises...)”

, “we guarantee something (for example, payment of expenses ...)” or “Name LLC guarantees ...”. The letter of guarantee form should not contain the title “Letter of Guarantee” in the middle above the text.

In practice, this is not uncommon, although it does not meet the requirements of office work. The obligation in the guarantee text has legal significance - see paragraph 2 above.

Sample request letter

To write a letter of request, you must follow the general rules of business correspondence and formatting of business letters. In the practice of office management of any organization, a request letter is often used; the sample in this article will serve as a good example for you.

The letter is written in as simple words and as brief as possible, but with specific details related to the request itself. Typical examples of presentation are “We ask you...” to do something, “We ask for your assistance...”, “We hope to receive...”, etc.

The request itself may be preceded by a justification - the reasons for writing the letter.

It is allowed to make several requests in one letter (“We also ask you ...”, “At the same time we ask ...”).

Stock Valuation

Stock Valuation

- this is essentially a determination of the value of a given company (business), or more precisely, that portion of the value of the business that falls on the assessed block of shares. An appraisal examination can be carried out to determine the market value of ordinary and preferred shares issued by open or closed joint-stock companies.

Also read: What are the benefits for participants in combat operations in the LPR?

1) Dt 62.02 Kt 62.01 - as of 62.02, prepayments (advances) are taken into account, and as of 62.01 - the buyer’s receivables. This posting is made automatically upon shipment. It wouldn’t exist if you shipped the goods without prepayment and in the bank transaction upon receipt of money “manually” issued an invoice in the payment receipt of 62.01 (the default value is 62.02). Ignore this wiring. It is essentially official and does not affect the result of activities, nor does it affect the balance of account 62. 2) Dt 90.02.01 Kt 41.01 - I don’t remember which sub-accounts were opened for account 90.02, and it doesn’t matter. It is important here that 90.02 is the cost of sales. Therefore, after 3) Dt 62.01 Kt 90.01.01 - (attributing the sale amount to the income account) you will have income from the resale of your goods on account balance 90.

We ask you to pay the debt letter

This is necessary if your bank does not have the appropriate forms. This letter must be written to the chairman of the bank's management.

That is, “in the header” of the document write: “to the Chairman of the Board of the Bank.” Next, indicate the name of the bank and the full name of the chairman.

Next, move on to the next step of the recommendation. Please indicate below who this letter was written from. Based on the loan agreement (indicate the number of your loan agreement), I ask you (enter the full name of the bank chairman here) to grant me a deferred payment for (indicate for how long you would like to receive a deferment).

Due to the fact that". After this, write what was the reason that you suddenly needed a deferment, i.e. Why can't you pay your loan on time?

Next, move on to the next step of the recommendation.

Writing off accounts receivable - studying the transactions

The only way to get rid of such a debt is to write off the receivables using a posting. But this can only be done if the debt is considered “bad”. How to correctly complete the write-off procedure, and what little details should be taken into account, we will look into this article.

• If an individual entrepreneur owes you money, then you cannot write off such a debt only on the basis of its exclusion from the Unified State Register of Individual Entrepreneurs. According to the law, an individual entrepreneur, when preparing all the necessary documents, confirms that in the event of bankruptcy of the enterprise he opens and its liquidation, the owner is liable to creditors with his own property. Thus, the closure of a company is not a basis for writing off the debt; it can be recovered by selling the owner's personal belongings or property.
• If there are two officially operating companies that owe each other a certain amount of money, then first the debt is offset. After it is completed, only one debtor company will remain, the one that owes more money.
• You can write off receivables from a private person that will not be returned only after the audit and bankruptcy procedure have been completed. And also in the event of the death of the owner of the enterprise, or if the police were unable to determine his location.

We ask you to pay the debt in the amount

amounts to ________ (_______________) rubles. The calculation is attached. Calculation of rent arrears.

We kindly ask you to sign the reconciliation report and pay off the existing debt by July 15, 2013.

For the Customer, work was performed on [name of work] for the amount of [amount] rubles. As of July 15, 2013

the Customer's debt is [amount] rubles. Various enterprises, organizations, institutions, individual entrepreneurs (IP) enter into transactions with each other and/or with individuals to sell goods, carry out various works or provide services.

The second important point is the rights and obligations of the parties.

Letter demanding repayment of debt (samples)

Dear Viktor Aleksandrovich, I remind you once again that by 04/01/2014 you are obliged to repay the debt in full under all existing contracts. If you are unable to do this, please arrange for us to meet with the director of your company before the specified date.

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Documentation of debt write-off

Write-off of DZ and KZ should be documented. The procedure for writing off debts includes several stages:

• an order is issued from the head of the company to write off debts and appoint a commission;
• an inventory report in form INV-17 is filled out and signed by the commission;
• 1 more order of the manager is issued - to write off the identified debt in accordance with the act;
• You must also attach an accounting certificate and a memo signed by the chief accountant.

The accounting certificate must reflect:

• the amount of debt;
• a description of the situation and reasons why the debt was recognized as bad;
• a note on the number and date of the INV-17 form.

On our website you can download samples of memos about writing off DZ and KZ:

Service memo about the write-off of remote control

Service memo about writing off short circuit

You can find more complete information on the topic in ConsultantPlus. Full and free access to the system for 2 days.

During inspections, tax officials pay special attention to written-off debts, so we recommend attaching the following to the above documents:

• primary documentation (invoices, invoices, certificates of completion of work, delivery notes, universal transfer documents (UPD));
• agreements concluded with the counterparty, reconciliation reports;
• justification for the hopelessness of the debt, for example, a court decision, an extract from the Unified State Register of Legal Entities and others.

All of the above documentation should be kept for at least 5 years to confirm the validity of debt write-off.

Please pay the outstanding debt

Letter 1 Dear Ivan Ivanovich, I would like to remind you once again that by July 25, 2013, our legislation does not directly provide for this type of document, but its presence additionally confirms the obligations assumed by one of the parties. Form and rules for writing a letter A letter of guarantee does not have any mandatory form and is drawn up by the interested party in any form.

This document must have the date and place of preparation. Please tell me how the judicial practice develops on this issue and is the “continuing offense” argument legitimate in this case?

Sincerely, Lera, your region Payments for housing and communal services are periodic payments (monthly). Sprinkling of driveways begins immediately from the beginning of snowfall to put sand under

Accounting entries for accounting transactions on a foreign currency account

As stated above, when writing off debt, its amounts are simultaneously taken into account in off-balance sheet accounts 04, 20.

In practice, there are situations when, if there are insufficient funds to fully repay the receivables, the debtor (usually the buyer) transfers his own bill of exchange to the organization.

Received to the current account from debtors in repayment of debt D51 K76 3. Accepted invoice from suppliers for materials received from them at discount prices: 08 60 a) from a worsted mill woolen fabric in the amount of D10 K60 b) other materials D10 K60 c) VAT on received materials (20 D18 K60 7.

The timing of debt inventory is established by accounting policy, but it must be carried out at least once in the reporting period (year).

Please pay off the debt

Law firm Your reliable lawyer will help you collect penalties from the developer.

The request to repay the debt is sent to the debtor by certified or registered mail, and it is handed over against receipt. The date the reminder was received corresponds to the date of the postal receipt or the borrower's dated signature on the claim copy. A claim with demands to repay the debt is sent to the borrower by a valuable letter, which is handed over personally against signature.

According to paragraph 1 of Art. 711 of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation, the customer is obliged to pay the contractor the agreed price after the final delivery of the work results, provided that the work is completed properly and within the agreed time frame.

In accordance with Art. 310 of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation, unilateral refusal to fulfill an obligation and unilateral change of its conditions are not allowed. To accommodate you, we are extending the payment deadline until (date) / while fulfilling your new orders. If you do not pay the debt by (date) and do not send a check showing payment, we will be forced to temporarily suspend the execution of all your deputy broadcasts.

The procedure for writing off debts in accounting

Let's look at the procedure for writing off debt and credit in accounting and tax accounting.

The procedure for writing off debt depends on the presence of a special reserve for doubtful debts in the company. Doubtful DZ refers to other expenses (clause 11 of PBU 10/99).

Option 1. The reserve has been created.

Option 2. There is no reserve.

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On account 007, the written-off debt is taken into account for 5 years for each counterparty. Only then should it be permanently removed.

In tax accounting, only companies that use OSNO and are payers of income tax on an accrual basis can write off income as expenses. That is, simplifications with the object “income minus expenses” cannot reflect it in tax expenses (letter of the Ministry of Finance of Russia dated November 13, 2007 No. 03-11-04/2/274). Individual entrepreneurs at OSNO also do not include dubious damages as expenses.

As in accounting, in tax accounting the write-off of debt depends on the availability of a reserve. If there is one, then the write-off of the receivables occurs at the expense of the reserve (Article 266 of the Tax Code of the Russian Federation). And the part not covered by it is included in non-operating expenses. If there is no reserve, then the entire amount of the doubtful debt is attributed to non-operating expenses (Article 265 of the Tax Code of the Russian Federation).

In accounting, overdue receivables are included in other income (clause 7 of PBU 9/99).

In tax accounting, KZ is subject to classification as non-operating expenses (Clause 18, Article 250 of the Tax Code of the Russian Federation) and is subject to income tax. But this rule has nothing to do with the company’s tax debts to the budget. Such KZ is not included in income and is not taxed (subclause 21, clause 1, article 251 of the Tax Code of the Russian Federation).

Sample letter for payment of debt

A citizen of the Russian Federation may receive a letter about a debt for the following reasons: A letter about a debt may have a warning nature. If a citizen of the Russian Federation does not take any measures within the specified period, the case will be referred to court. Today, there are several types of sample letters requesting payment of a debt.

Among the most common types, it is worth highlighting the following: A notice for payment of debt can be written in free form, but it must be notarized!

(each company has its own numbering) Debtor’s details “_____________” (Initials, company name, address) Sender’s details “___________” We hereby inform you about the presence of a debt in the amount of “___________”, which arose under agreement No. ____________ dated “___”__________201__. (Include information based on legal reasoning that confirms the legality of issuing a notice regarding the problem that has arisen).

Depending on the problem that has arisen, the content of the notification may differ! A sample letter requesting payment of a debt must be drawn up correctly, taking into account standardized norms. Above is a basic design option that can help with simple matters.

A document sent to inform the debtor about the debt arrears must include the following points: The request to repay the debt is sent to a citizen of the Russian Federation in letter format and is informational. In case of non-payment, the company has legal grounds to take legal action against the defaulter. Despite the harmlessness of the primary procedure, it allows you to achieve several important goals: The advantages of a letter requesting payment of a debt are obvious and in most cases can cause a shift in the case that has arisen long before applying to a judicial institution with a claim against an unscrupulous payer.

How to submit a report

An accounts receivable report implies documentation that provides information on all summaries. The report should show the total amount of overdue payments. In most companies, a report on accounts receivable is prepared once a month.

All information in the documentation is distributed into groups. Grouping criteria may vary, the most common of which are as follows.

1. Sellers.
2. Buyers.
3. Product category.

The following forms are typical for a report based on accounts receivable.

1. Debt represented in the form of monetary currency.
2. Debt presented in the form of barter.
3. Overdue debt, which may be in the form of cash or barter.

In addition, any report must contain the following data.

1. Product and buyer information.
2. Debt repayment terms.
3. Interest on a loan or late payments.

If there are any difficulties in collecting funds, they must be indicated in the report. In addition to the above data, the report may contain additional information. For example, we can cite a situation when we are talking about a barter transaction.

The report indicates the type of product and its volume instead of a monetary amount. Using the accounts receivable report, the company's finance department will be able to calculate the optimal course of monetary policy. When analyzing the reporting document, a legal entity determines the approximate amount of work for debt collection processes.

How to account for accounts receivable is discussed in this video:

For the head of the organization, the report is also important. With its help, you can analyze changes in the production and activities of the company and, in connection with this, change the planned volumes of purchases of equipment or products.

What opportunities does reporting offer?

A report on receivables or payables makes it possible to track financial interaction with other companies and employees of your organization. Reporting must be carried out without fail, this contributes to management activities, and also allows you to plan the future course of credit policy.

With the help of a reporting document, it becomes possible to be aware of the following parameters of the organization’s work.

1. The accounts receivable report helps you track changes in production, as well as calculate the total amount of money spent and earned.
2. The reporting document will allow you to create an objective picture of the organization’s calculations. An example would be a situation where a company unexpectedly needed additional funds. Where you can get them from will allow you to find out the accounts receivable report. If the head of the company decides to take out a loan, the reporting document will help calculate the period for which the loan agreement should be issued. If the company has the opposite situation, that is, there is a large amount of cash, the accounts receivable report will help to optimally distribute the money.
3. Documentation of accounts receivable or credit will help plan further expenses and income of the organization.
   The report will greatly facilitate the determination of the amount of funds expected from debtors. In turn, this will allow you to plan the amount of taxes and total profit. The documentation contains information about the total amount of monetary debt and the general direction of payment.
4. The document will allow a more objective assessment of the client. Based on the accounts receivable report, you can create a list of customer reliability, depending on how they pay their debts. This will allow you to determine the overall solvency of the company and find out the circle of the most conscientious payers. This will also make it possible to terminate the cooperation agreement with those organizations that often delay payment under the purchase and sale agreement.
5. If the organization has a planned credit policy, the report will allow you to find out the degree of its effectiveness. In case of large losses, the head of the organization will be able to notice the emerging problem much earlier and take appropriate actions to solve it.
6. The accounts receivable report allows you to timely demand payment under the agreement from debtors. The documentation clearly shows overdue payments, for which it is time to take special measures to collect them. For example, go to court or talk directly with the debtor.
7. The report will allow you to find out in advance which companies have accumulated a large amount of debt. This will make it possible to avoid conflict situations, additional monetary penalties and preserve the reputation of your organization.

Analysis of accounts receivable for the report. Photo: encrypted-tbn0.gstatic.com

The head of any company should understand that a report on accounts receivable is needed not only for formality.

With the help of this documentation, you can react much earlier to changes in the dynamics in relationships with clients and customers; the report will allow you to plan the company’s activities based on clearer and more specific data.

How to organize a budget

As mentioned above, a special program 1C – Enterprise has been developed for these purposes. Based on it, you can create a report on accounts receivable. To do this, it has the following functions.

1. 1C allows you to generate forecasts on the financial condition of the company by analyzing the available information.
2. 1C creates financial reports and can maintain a management balance sheet, which is based on objective values. This allows you not only to calculate and analyze profit, but also to compare its values ​​with past indicators.
3. Allows you to compare budgets for different periods.
4. Helps analyze for deviations.
5. The program automatically compares the debts of your clients and your credit obligations for three periods for certain periods and calculates the final amount for specific periods.

How to make a report on accounts receivable in 1C, see this video:

1C has built-in all the necessary formulas for the above calculations.