Types of disability groups

A citizen is referred to a commission if the following persistent disorders are identified:

• speech and voice disorders;
• damage to the organs of hearing, vision, smell or impairment of other sensory functions;
• mental, emotional disorders, dysfunction of perception, consciousness, memory, intelligence;
• disorders of the nervous system, musculoskeletal system, coordination of movements;
• gross deformations of the body, head, limbs, violation of the integrity and functioning of internal organs.

Order No. 585n of the Ministry of Labor of the Russian Federation dated August 27, 2021 reflects which diseases can become the basis for the assignment of disability.

There are 3 main groups of disabilities:

1. Group 1 disabled people cannot care for themselves; they need help from other people.
2. Group 2 is assigned to citizens who have partial self-care skills, but require the attention of others and medical care.
3. Group 3 disabled people have some disabilities. But citizens can do without outside help.

If there are gross violations that cannot be corrected, a disability group is assigned to the child from early childhood. Until 2014, such citizens were given the status of “childhood disabled.” But this concept was abolished. Now children are given the status of “disabled child”. Adults are assigned a specific group. However, if the status of “childhood disabled” was received before 2014, benefits for such citizens continue to apply.

Benefits for disabled children

The state supports this category of the population. A pension is provided for disabled children. Additionally, a list of benefits has been developed to support citizens. They are prescribed at both the federal and regional levels.

Cash

Persons with disabilities, as well as their guardians and parents, can count on a number of cash payments:

• social pension;
• monthly cash payment (MCP), taking into account and excluding GST;
• compensation payment to a parent or guardian for caring for a disabled person (only for group 1: parents - 10 thousand rubles, other citizens - 1 thousand 200 rubles);
• monthly compensation (compensation for rising food prices).

The size of the social pension increases annually as a result of indexation. In 2021, the procedure will take place on April 1.

Until this moment, the pension payment for disabled people has been established in the amount of:

• for group 1 – 13,454 rubles 64 kopecks;
• for group 2 – 11,212 rubles 36 kopecks;
• for group 3 – 4,765 rubles 27 kopecks.
• for disabled children – 13,454 rubles 64 kopecks.

Reference! Parents have the right to refuse social services (medicines, sanatorium treatment, travel) and receive financial compensation. The additional payment (if you refuse the NSO) will be 1 thousand 155 rubles 6 kopecks.

If you refuse the NSO, the total amount of the monthly cash payment is:

• for disabled people of group 1 – 3,896 rubles 43 kopecks;
• for disabled people of group 2 – 2,782 rubles 67 kopecks;
• for disabled people of group 3 – 2,227 rubles 55 kopecks;
• for disabled children – 2,782 rubles 67 kopecks.

If the applicant does not refuse the NSI, he can receive EDV, taking into account the deduction of the cost of medicines, sanatorium treatment and travel.

Tax

Parents raising a disabled child can receive tax benefits - a deduction that is due to both the father and mother. If there is only one parent, he will receive a double deduction. Due to the benefit, the tax base is reduced.

12 thousand rubles are deducted from the parents’ wages. Personal income tax is calculated only from the remaining amount. For guardians, the amount by which the base is reduced is 6 thousand rubles.

To receive a deduction, working parents must contact the accounting department. An application is drawn up in the name of the employer. The data must be taken into account when calculating wages.

Education and work

A person is granted the right to receive education in the following institutions:

• general educational institution (kindergarten, school);
• a specialized institution with full state care;
• private institutions with payment at the expense of parents and guardians.

Upon admission to kindergarten, the right to priority enrollment is granted. Parents do not pay for their stay in the institution.

This category also has benefits for admission to secondary specialized and higher educational institutions. Admission is based on successfully passed exams and ITU recommendations.

When employed, a disabled person can count on labor benefits. He is provided with increased rest during the working day, vacation, and special working conditions.

Transport

Children with disabilities, as well as persons accompanying them, have transport benefits. They can use public transport throughout the city and suburbs for free.

State provision of travel to the place of rehabilitation and treatment is also provided. The disabled citizen himself, as well as parents and social workers, if the first disability group is established, do not need to pay for the ticket.

Discounts are provided for tickets for air, river and rail transport. From October to May, disabled children of groups 1 and 2, as well as disabled children, can purchase a travel pass with a 50% discount. It is provided once a year.

What benefits are available to parents with a disabled child?

• housing at the expense of the state, if the family is registered as in need of improved living conditions;
• benefits of 50% when paying rent and utilities;
• 50% compensation for contributions for major repairs;
• land for individual housing construction for various types of farming and gardening.

Dear readers! The article talks about typical ways to resolve legal issues, but each case is individual. If you want to find out how to solve your particular problem , contact a consultant:

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Benefits for parents and guardians of disabled children

At the state level, benefits are provided for parents and guardians of disabled children.
According to the law, it is prohibited:

• refuse to employ citizens due to the upbringing of a disabled person;
• send on business trips without the person’s consent;
• force you to work overtime;
• it is illegal to reduce wages;
• dismiss due to raising a disabled child (except for liquidation of the enterprise).

Part-time work is provided for parents raising disabled children. Additionally, 4 days off per month are allocated. Leave is granted for a period of up to two weeks at the first request of the mother or father.

If a woman raised a child with a disability for up to 8 years, without having any work experience, this period is included in the work experience. Also, for mothers, the retirement age is reduced to 50 years with 15 years of work experience.

A separate retirement period is also provided for the father - from the age of 55. It is important that the man has at least 20 years of experience. Only one parent has the right to use the retirement benefit.

Are the parents of a disabled person from childhood entitled to days off from work after 18 years of age?

After receiving the confirmation document, go to the Pension Fund for registration or to one of the multifunctional centers (MFC). Each institution will have to write a corresponding application and prepare a separate package of documents. In addition to pensions and benefits from the federal budget, it is possible to receive additional payment at the regional level, if the local code provides for it. Thus, residents of the Yaroslavl region who care for a child with a disability are paid an additional 2,021 rubles. child care benefits. This supplement, like other assistance, applies to both parents and guardians. The amount is calculated for each child separately. In addition to government organizations, in the cities of the Russian Federation there are private centers and communities that in every possible way help parents of children who are unable to fully care for themselves, control or move freely and navigate in space.

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In the period from 1.10 to 15.05, disabled children, as well as one of their parents, are entitled to a fifty percent discount on the cost of travel by air, river, sea, rail and road intercity transport (not taking into account the number of trips). But in the period from May 16 to September 30, such a right is granted only once (round trip). Also, every year the child and his accompanying person are entitled to free travel to and from treatment.

Procedure for applying for benefits

In order to apply for benefits, parents will need to follow the instructions:

1. Collect a complete package of documents.
2. Send the application and necessary papers to the body that is authorized to provide the benefit (Pension Fund, social security authorities).
3. Receive a response confirming or refusing the service.

The body to which you need to contact is selected depending on the type of service. In addition to the fact that you can personally send an application to the Pension Fund or territorial social protection authorities, a citizen has the right to submit an appeal in another way. You can submit an application via the Internet on the State Services portal. You can also apply through the MFC.

The package of documents required to assign benefits includes:

• application for payment or benefit;
• parent's passport;
• birth certificate of a disabled child/passport;
• ITU results confirming the status;
• additional papers (passport of the second parent, certificates of loss of a breadwinner, non-receipt of payments by the second parent).

The application is reviewed within 10 days from the date of submission. But the exact date will be announced by specialists from the agency to which the citizen applied.

Parents can obtain benefits at work by contacting their employer.

To do this they will need:

• write an application (for a tax deduction, vacation, additional days off);
• provide copies of documents confirming your eligibility (birth certificate, ITU result);
• wait for payment confirmation.

Parents of a disabled child: labor rights and benefits

Part-time work does not entail for employees any restrictions on the duration of annual basic paid leave, calculation of length of service and other labor rights.

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Labor legislation provides for a number of benefits and guarantees for employees raising disabled children. In order to use them, the employee must present the child’s birth certificate and documents confirming his disability. Depending on the degree of impairment of body functions and limitations in life activity, children under 18 years of age are assigned the category “disabled child” (Part 3 of Article 1 of Federal Law No. 181-FZ of November 24, 1995, hereinafter referred to as Law No. 181-FZ)

Questions from our readers

You often ask us questions on this topic. Today we’ll look at one of the most common ones.

Are benefits and payments available to working disabled children?

Working people with childhood disabilities have the same rights as non-working people. They can count on the same housing and tax benefits.

Special working conditions are also created for them:

• shortened working hours;
• extended lunch breaks;
• possibility of transition to lighter work.

Attention! The citizen will receive a disability pension and daily allowance even when going to work. However, in relation to this payment, there will be no additional pension payment up to the regional subsistence level (the federal social supplement does not apply).

Preferences when using public transport

Disabled children, their guardians, parents, accompanying persons and social service employees have the right to free travel on public transport. This preference implies:

• Free travel in suburban and city transport (except taxis). To receive this benefit, you must have a disability certificate and passport with you. Accompanying persons also need a special document from social security.
• Free travel on intraregional and intercity buses to the place of treatment and examination.
• Compensation for the cost of train or air tickets once a year, purchased in order to get to the place of treatment.
• A 50% discount on travel on intercity river, road, rail or air transport from October 1 to May 15.

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In many Russian cities, citizens with disabilities are provided with social taxi services. Typically, these people include:

• disabled children and disabled citizens with mobility problems and indications for the use of technical means of rehabilitation (crutches, wheelchairs, etc.);
• disabled children of group 1;
• children with visual impairments;
• and other categories of disabled citizens (depending on the decision of local authorities).

Delivery of disabled people by social service transport is carried out for recreational activities in:

• medical institutions (clinics, hospitals);
• social protection departments;
• medical and preventive institutions;
• pharmacies;
• ITU Bureau;
• other similar institutions.

Each region sets its own requirements for using social taxi services. As a rule, there is a certain number of trips for each category of citizens. If the established limit is exceeded, travel on such transport becomes paid, but its cost is still lower than the price of a regular city taxi.