Bonus note: sample memo or report for good work of an employee, how to write it and examples of this

What kind of motivation works? Establishment of sanctions, incentives and more

That level that can change over time both up and down. We will talk about how to properly select and hire subordinates in one of the following articles. Now let's look at the types of incentives that a manager can use to effectively maintain and even increase the motivation of his employees.

Let's use the diagram we already love with the abscissa and ordinate axis. We can divide all types of motivation of subordinates into material and intangible.

At the same time, few people remember that division according to these two criteria does not fully cover the possibilities of the art of motivation in management practice. In order to build a holistic system, we will have to use knowledge of the psychology of a person who strives not only to achieve new results for an appropriate reward. Whether we like it or not, more than 75% of subordinates are focused on avoiding sanctions, punishment, deterioration of working conditions, professional activities, etc.

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Is it possible to reprimand and deprive of bonus at the same time?

In this light, a reprimand and deprivation of a bonus are in no way connected, however, below we will analyze a specific situation when, after a reprimand, it is possible to deprive a bonus.

The advantages of the services of our law firm are due to the professional attitude of our specialists to their work, the receipt of regular training courses, as well as participation in official forums.

In order for deprivation of a bonus on the basis that the employee has been reprimanded to become possible, three conditions must be met. The organization must have adopted an internal document, for example, a local act, regulating both the procedure for paying bonuses and the grounds for their deprivation.

An internal document must state that if an employee is reprimanded, then a bonus, even a well-deserved one, is not paid to him. If there are no such provisions, then even if the employee is reprimanded, he cannot be deprived of bonuses. An employee must earn a bonus by fulfilling the bonus conditions set out in the company’s internal document (for example, by fulfilling the plan, or by not allowing defective products to be produced based on the results of a certain period).

Sample order for bonuses

When placing an order for bonuses, the standard T-11 form is usually used. You will need to add the following information to the document:

Full name of the promoted employee indicating his position.
The exact wording of the reason for the bonus is given.
The specific form of bonus (money or valuable gift) is indicated.
The document justifying the payment is indicated. This could be, for example, an internal memo or an internal regulatory act of the enterprise.

Drawing up an order for bonuses is done in the following order:

A notice is sent to each department head with a request to collect information. It is necessary to indicate which employees, for what reason, must be included in the list for bonus payment.
These people conduct a study of the situation and find out which of their employees meet the criteria for receiving the bonus. Then the information is collected and given to the manager.
He reviews the resulting list, makes changes and sends it to department heads.
They make their comments and suggestions and together with them the final list is transferred to the boss for drawing up the final version.
Then an order is issued on the basis of which bonuses are awarded.

We invite you to familiarize yourself with the Statement of Claim for recognition of ownership of a garage: sample

How an employee’s bonus is deprived under the Labor Code of the Russian Federation

etc. Such payments are an addition to the employee’s basic earnings and are voluntary. That is, no one has the right to force an employer to make bonus payments.

Deprivation of bonuses is deprivation of an employee’s bonus if he commits a disciplinary offense. Deprivation of a bonus (or its reduction) is a fine for failure to comply with certain rules, which does not apply to disciplinary sanctions.

The bonus is a variable component of earnings.

The employer may not pay it if there are grounds for this specified in local acts or regulations on bonuses for personnel.

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Material punishment is possible in the following cases: if a person violates labor discipline and internal regulations approved by the company;

Sample memo for issuing a bonus

GBOU DOD SDYUSSHOR "ALLUR"

from the head of the teaching department Sidorov S.S.

I ask you to give a bonus to the riding teacher Petrov P.P. for conscientious work and excellent success at work.

For the past quarter Petrov P.P. An innovative system of teaching the basics of horse riding for children aged 5-7 years was successfully introduced, which led to an increase in the number of school students.

Considering the above, I consider it necessary to pay Petrov P.P. a bonus in the amount of 20,000 (twenty thousand) rubles 00 kopecks.

Grounds and procedure for depriving an employee of a bonus in accordance with the Labor Code of the Russian Federation

They are included in wages as its variable part (Art.

If an organization does not have approved local regulations, then employers independently (and often unlawfully) decide to deprive an employee of a bonus. When does depreciation not contradict the legislation of the Russian Federation?

129 Labor Code) and are included in the enterprise’s remuneration system; one-time, acting as a gift to staff on the occasion of a holiday or memorable date, for any successes and achievements. Management is not obliged to explain the reasons for their absence (Article 22 of the Labor Code). General provisions regarding the accrual and deprivation of bonuses for employees are contained in the Labor Code of the Russian Federation.

However, they are not complete or exhaustive. In these matters, federal labor legislation often refers to the company’s internal regulations, without limiting in any way either the volume or frequency of payments (Art.

135 TK). If it is a budgetary organization, refer to the recommendations developed by a special commission or the Government of the Russian Federation. At the same time, the concept of “deprive” or “deprive” is not in the legislative norms. They should not be contained in local regulations.

Bonus systems

Article 135 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation provides that the grounds for paying bonuses are determined by the enterprise independently. This is done by approving internal company documents, where such things are spelled out in detail.

What is important in this matter is what is said in the collective agreement at a given enterprise. However, if it is desirable to make clarifications or changes in it, then this can become a rather cumbersome procedure. A simpler option is to adopt internal documents on this issue.

The principles on the basis of which the employee bonus system is organized are usually important. In practice, there are several options in this area:

The most commonly used option is when bonuses are paid to the majority of employees on a regular basis. It can be deprived of those whose work performance is too low. In this case, the amount of the bonus may depend on the amount of salary, labor results, work experience or other parameters.
A fundamentally different approach is possible, when the bonus is given to those who have shown outstanding results in their work. In this case, bonuses are given selectively and are aimed at encouraging performance.
One of the possible forms of organizing bonuses could be holding various kinds of competitions with the payment of bonuses to those who win them.

In the first case, the payment system is aimed to the greatest extent at maintaining the existing level of labor intensity and productivity. However, in practice, the universal nature of incentives does not allow significantly increasing the amount of incentives for specific people.

In the second case, the amount of the incentive can be quite large, but it is possible that this amount will be greater than the salary the employee receives. The system rewards those who demonstrate maximum labor efficiency.

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The manager's expression of gratitude and respect to the employee must be sincere (condescension and hypocrisy are not motivating). It is very important that the fairness of employee remuneration is recognized by the workforce. Envious people and ill-wishers should not control the opinion of the team.

Material forms of personnel incentives: • Bonuses for some employee actions that are useful for the enterprise; • A valuable gift as a reward for similar actions of the employee; • Additional benefits and compensation to the employee’s social package; • Credit to the employee's cumulative bonus.

A cumulative bonus is one of the forms of material incentives for company personnel.

The bottom line is that the employee receives incentive points for achievements in work, which add up and give the right to receive material rewards as they accumulate.

This could be household appliances, furniture, travel packages and other items or services.

Is there a difference when making payments for yourself and for an employee?

The memorandum is drawn up according to the rules adopted by the organization. Sometimes the head of an organization introduces a requirement to agree on a bonus document with the human resources department. First, look for any outstanding disciplinary sanctions. Secondly, on work discipline. And then they may be asked to make adjustments to the bonus memo.

The final result of preparing such a document is an order for encouragement, bonuses (or order). It may concern the entire organization, a specific department or a specific employee.

Thus, the order on bonuses for employees, first of all, is drawn up on the basis of the employer’s local acts on bonuses in the organization.

Reference. An official memorandum on bonuses for an employee is written by his immediate superior, a higher-ranking manager or a member of the workforce authorized by an employment contract.

It is aimed primarily at a request to encourage an employee. Such a note is considered exclusively by a higher authority, which has the right to manage the budget of an institution or corporation. In some companies, such issues can be resolved by a collective council of employees or the founders of the organization.

An official note on bonuses for oneself is drawn up by the employee himself, who wishes to receive financial incentives. In it, he asks the employer to pay him a financial reward, justifying his request with information about the quality of work he performed, for example, exceeding the plan, concluding a lucrative contract that brought profit to the company.

A memo to oneself is written on one’s own behalf; accordingly, the surname of the employee who is asking for the bonus should be indicated in the header of the document, and his signature at the bottom of the document.

As practice shows, an employee who contacts the manager personally and convinces his superiors that he deserves a monetary reward has a much higher chance of receiving it. In this case, writing a memo for a bonus for yourself is a formality that provides official grounds for making payments.

It is advisable to endorse such a memo from your immediate superior, then register it in a special journal for recording incoming documentation and submit it for consideration to higher management.

Why can you be deprived of bonuses at work?

Therefore, a reprimand and deprivation of a bonus at the same time are not double punishment.

The rules for calculating bonuses must be specified in the employer’s local regulations. Employees of the organization get acquainted with the working conditions and wages upon hiring upon signature. The following points are indicated:

Payment procedure and amount.
Grounds for awarding bonuses.
Conditions for reduction or non-payment of bonuses, for which the employee can be deprived of a bonus.
Positions of employees who are entitled to receive bonuses.

Need to know Since the bonus is equal in value to the salary, it is also involved in calculating the employee’s average daily earnings.

This is of great importance when calculating sick leave and vacation pay. Read more about whether bonuses are included in the calculation of vacation pay.

The bonus should not be part of the salary. If the employment contract states that wages consist of a bonus, salary and allowances, then non-payment of the bonus is considered illegal.

“Reward and punish, don’t deceive and don’t forgive”

Rewards and punishments

- perhaps one of the most pressing topics.
Different companies have different systems: some have introduced cash bonuses and fines
, others force people to stay late at work and provide additional days off, others fire an employee when they realize that the persuasion method did not work.

Today I will talk about the system of rewards and punishments for employees without regard to specific methods

. After all, having a system of principles behind you, you can always choose methods that suit your temperament, character, management style, and corporate culture. It is from the principles below that I base my work at Open Studio.

Disciplinary action and deprivation of bonuses: is it possible at the same time?

In addition, additional conditions for incentives will not need to be reflected in the employment contract with the employee. The answer to the question whether deprivation of a bonus is a disciplinary sanction or not directly depends on whether the bonus regulations stipulate that an employee may be deprived of incentives for violation or failure to fulfill official duties. According to the law, for violation of labor discipline, a company can impose only the following types of disciplinary sanctions on an employee:

comment;
dismissal().
rebuke;

Thus, deprivation of bonuses is not a type of punishment for violation of discipline, but an additional method of influencing employees with “rubles”, which is enshrined in such a local act as the provision on bonuses.

And if it establishes that additional remuneration is not paid in the presence of disciplinary sanctions, then the employee, in addition to punishment in the form of a reprimand, reprimand or dismissal, can be deprived of a bonus.

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Presentation-simulator for preparing for the Unified State Exam in social studies in the 2017-2018 academic year, version 30.

Presentation-simulator for preparing for the Unified State Exam in social studies in the 2017-2018 academic year. Option 30.

Prepared by a teacher of history and social studies of the Municipal Educational Institution “Secondary School of the village. Perekopnoye, Ershov district, Saratov region” named after Hero of the Soviet Union V.I. Kireev. Ermakov Ivan Alexandrovich

№
1.
process

Judicial cases

criminal

Exposing criminals, bringing them to trial, imposing punishment

Claims for disputes arising from family legal relations

Write down the word missing in the table.

Answer:

№
1.
process

Judicial cases

criminal

Exposing criminals, bringing them to trial, imposing punishment

Claims for disputes arising from family legal relations

Write down the word missing in the table.

Answer: civilian.

№
2.
In the row below, find a concept that is generalizing for all other concepts presented. Write this word down.

Encouragement; sanction; punishment; bonuses; dismissal.

Answer:

№
2.
In the row below, find a concept that is generalizing for all other concepts presented. Write this word down.

Encouragement; sanction; punishment; bonuses; dismissal.

Answer: sanction.

№
3.
Below is a list of terms. All of them, with the exception of two, relate to the characteristics of social progress.

development; 2) change; 3) degradation; 4) movement from less perfect to more perfect; 5) qualitative improvement of a number of indicators; 6) loss of the ability to perform a number of important functions.

Find two terms that “fall out of the general range” and write down the numbers under which they are indicated.

Answer:

№
3.
Below is a list of terms. All of them, with the exception of two, relate to the characteristics of social progress.

development; 2) change; 3) degradation; 4) movement from less perfect to more perfect; 5) qualitative improvement of a number of indicators; 6) loss of the ability to perform a number of important functions.

Find two terms that “fall out of the general range” and write down the numbers under which they are indicated.

Answer: 3 6.

№
4.
Select the correct judgments about the forms (areas) of culture and write down the numbers under which they are indicated.

Art, like other forms (areas) of spiritual culture, is characterized by rationality and consistency.
Morality requires a person to behave in a certain way.
Religion has an emotional impact on believers.
Science is aimed at developing a system of objective knowledge about the world, the laws of development of nature, society and thinking.
Science, like other forms of spiritual culture, reflects reality in artistic images.

Answer:

№
4.
Select the correct judgments about the forms (areas) of culture and write down the numbers under which they are indicated.

Art, like other forms (areas) of spiritual culture, is characterized by rationality and consistency.
Morality requires a person to behave in a certain way.
Religion has an emotional impact on believers.
Science is aimed at developing a system of objective knowledge about the world, the laws of development of nature, society and thinking.
Science, like other forms of spiritual culture, reflects reality in artistic images.

Answer: 2 3 4.

№
5.
Establish a correspondence between the distinctive features and the types of societies that they illustrate: for each position given in the first column, select the corresponding position from the second column.

Features

A) the introduction of high technologies into all spheres of public life

B) transition to mass industrial production of standardized products

B) bringing the service sector to the forefront

D) dominance of religious values

D) communal way of life, collectivism

Types of societies

traditional (agrarian)
industrial
post-industrial (informational)

Write down the selected numbers in the table under the corresponding letters.

Answer: A B C D D

Features

A) the introduction of high technologies into all spheres of public life

B) transition to mass industrial production of standardized products

B) bringing the service sector to the forefront

D) dominance of religious values

D) communal way of life, collectivism

Types of societies

traditional (agrarian)
industrial
post-industrial (informational)

Write down the selected numbers in the table under the corresponding letters.

Answer: A B C D D

3 2 3 1 1

№
6.
Imagine that you are helping a teacher prepare a presentation for a social studies lesson on the topic “Man as a result of biological and sociocultural evolution.” One of the slides is called “Characters that reflect the social nature of a person.” Which of the following would you include on this slide? Write down the numbers under which these signs are indicated.

need for respect from other people
adaptation to environmental conditions
communication using words
desire for self-realization in society
procreation ability
use of objects given by nature

Answer:

need for respect from other people
adaptation to environmental conditions
communication using words
desire for self-realization in society
procreation ability
use of objects given by nature

Answer: 1 3 4.

№
7.
Select the correct judgments about the role of the state in a market economy and write down the numbers under which they are indicated.

The state in a market economy is the owner of all production facilities.
The state passes laws designed to streamline the relationships between market participants.
The state, under market conditions, organizes the production of public goods.
State participation in economic life is conditioned by market imperfections.
The state in market conditions has only fiscal instruments for regulating economic life.

Answer:

№
7.
Select the correct judgments about the role of the state in a market economy and write down the numbers under which they are indicated.

The state in a market economy is the owner of all production facilities.
The state passes laws designed to streamline the relationships between market participants.
The state, under market conditions, organizes the production of public goods.
State participation in economic life is conditioned by market imperfections.
The state in market conditions has only fiscal instruments for regulating economic life.

Answer: 2 3 4.

№
8
Establish a correspondence between the characteristics and taxation systems: for each position given in the first column, select the corresponding position from the second column.

Characteristics

A) a single flat tax rate

B) the severity of taxation increases with the growth of the value of the object of taxation

C) a mechanism defined by the legislation of the country for the withdrawal of part of the income of citizens and firms in favor of the state

D) the tax rate remains the same regardless of the amount of income

D) the tax rate increases as income received increases.

Tax systems

only proportional
only progressive
both proportional and progressive

Write down the selected numbers in the table under the corresponding letters.

Answer: A B C D D

№
8
Establish a correspondence between the characteristics and taxation systems: for each position given in the first column, select the corresponding position from the second column.

Characteristics

A) a single flat tax rate

B) the severity of taxation increases with the growth of the value of the object of taxation

C) a mechanism defined by the legislation of the country for the withdrawal of part of the income of citizens and firms in favor of the state

D) the tax rate remains the same regardless of the amount of income

D) the tax rate increases as income received increases.

Tax systems

only proportional
only progressive
both proportional and progressive

Write down the selected numbers in the table under the corresponding letters.

Answer: A B C D D

1 2 3 1 2

№
9.
Evgenia Ilyinichna invests her savings in the purchase of securities of various enterprises. Find the securities in the list below and write down the numbers under which they are listed.

banknotes
bills
bonds
stock
investment share
property insurance contract

Answer:

№
9.
Evgenia Ilyinichna invests her savings in the purchase of securities of various enterprises. Find the securities in the list below and write down the numbers under which they are listed.

banknotes
bills
bonds
stock
investment share
property insurance contract

Answer: 3 4 5.

No.
10. The graph shows the change in the supply of potatoes in the corresponding market: the supply line S has moved to a new position S 1. (P-price; Q-quantity).
Which of the following factors could cause this change? Write down the numbers under which they are indicated.

introduction of new high-performance technology for growing potatoes
abnormally dry summer
decrease in the number of farms producing potatoes
increase in the cost of mineral fertilizers
opening of several new vegetable stores with modern equipment

Answer:

introduction of new high-performance technology for growing potatoes
abnormally dry summer
decrease in the number of farms producing potatoes
increase in the cost of mineral fertilizers
opening of several new vegetable stores with modern equipment

Answer: 2 3 4.

№
11.
Choose the correct statements about social control and write down the numbers under which they are indicated.

Informal social control of an individual's behavior is exercised by his family and immediate social environment.
Social control involves targeted influence on an individual in the process of his socialization.
The state primarily informally influences individuals who demonstrate deviant behavior.
Educational organizations exercise social control over students and their families.
Social control includes social norms and social sanctions.

Answer:

№
11.
Choose the correct statements about social control and write down the numbers under which they are indicated.

Informal social control of an individual's behavior is exercised by his family and immediate social environment.
Social control involves targeted influence on an individual in the process of his socialization.
The state primarily informally influences individuals who demonstrate deviant behavior.
Educational organizations exercise social control over students and their families.
Social control includes social norms and social sanctions.

Answer: 1 2 4 5.

No.
12. During a sociological survey of men and women from country Z, they were asked the question: “Who do you think has an easier life—people who have moral authorities, or people who do not have such authorities?”
The results obtained (as a percentage of the number of respondents) are presented in the form of a diagram. Find in the list below the conclusions that can be drawn from the diagram and write down the numbers under which they are indicated.

The share of those who believe that life is easier for people who have moral authorities is greater among women than among men.
Equal shares of men and women surveyed believe that life is easier for people who do not have moral authorities.
The share of those who answered the question that there is no fundamental difference is higher among men than among women.
Among men, the opinion that life is easier for those people who do not have moral authorities is more popular than the opinion that there is no fundamental difference.
A quarter of the women surveyed found it difficult to answer the question.

Answer:

The share of those who believe that life is easier for people who have moral authorities is greater among women than among men.
Equal shares of men and women surveyed believe that life is easier for people who do not have moral authorities.
The share of those who answered the question that there is no fundamental difference is higher among men than among women.
Among men, the opinion that life is easier for those people who do not have moral authorities is more popular than the opinion that there is no fundamental difference.
A quarter of the women surveyed found it difficult to answer the question.

Answer: 1 2 4.

№
13.
Select the correct judgments about the political elite and write down the numbers under which they are indicated.

In a democratic society there are no political elites.
The mechanism for replenishing or changing the composition of the political elite depends on the existing political (state) regime.
The political elite is a group of people professionally engaged in the sphere of power and government.
The political elite is only a certain part of the broad elite strata of society as a whole.
Political decision-making in any state is carried out exclusively in the interests of the political elite.

Answer:

№
13.
Select the correct judgments about the political elite and write down the numbers under which they are indicated.

In a democratic society there are no political elites.
The mechanism for replenishing or changing the composition of the political elite depends on the existing political (state) regime.
The political elite is a group of people professionally engaged in the sphere of power and government.
The political elite is only a certain part of the broad elite strata of society as a whole.
Political decision-making in any state is carried out exclusively in the interests of the political elite.

Answer: 2 3 4.

№
14.
Establish a correspondence between the functions and the subjects of government that perform them: for each position given in the first column, select the corresponding position from the second column.

Functions

A) decision on political asylum requests

B) management of federal property

B) declaring an amnesty

D) adoption of federal laws

D) ensuring the execution of the federal budget

Subjects of state power of the Russian Federation

President of the Russian Federation
The State Duma
Government of the Russian Federation

Write down the selected numbers in the table under the corresponding letters.

Answer: A B C D D

Functions

A) decision on political asylum requests

B) management of federal property

B) declaring an amnesty

D) adoption of federal laws

D) ensuring the execution of the federal budget

Subjects of state power of the Russian Federation

President of the Russian Federation
The State Duma
Government of the Russian Federation

Write down the selected numbers in the table under the corresponding letters.

Answer: A B C D D

1 3 2 2 3

№
15.
State Z includes several entities that have a certain independence. General, equal, direct elections of the head of state and parliament are held regularly, based on secret ballot. The country represents a wide range of political ideologies, and the rights and freedoms of citizens are guaranteed by law. Find the characteristics of the state form Z in the list below and write down the numbers under which they are indicated.

monarchy
republic
federal state
Democratic state
totalitarian state
unitary state

Answer:

monarchy
republic
federal state
Democratic state
totalitarian state
unitary state

Answer: 2 3 4.

№
16.
Which of the following applies to the personal (civil) rights (freedoms) of a citizen of the Russian Federation? Write down the numbers under which they are indicated.

right to privacy
right to work in normal conditions
right to privacy of correspondence and telephone conversations
freedom of conscience
freedom of entrepreneurship

Answer:

№
16.
Which of the following applies to the personal (civil) rights (freedoms) of a citizen of the Russian Federation? Write down the numbers under which they are indicated.

right to privacy
right to work in normal conditions
right to privacy of correspondence and telephone conversations
freedom of conscience
freedom of entrepreneurship

Answer: 1 3 4.

№
17.
Choose the correct judgments about administrative jurisdiction in the Russian Federation and write down the numbers under which they are indicated.

Administrative jurisdiction is the consideration and resolution of civil cases in order to protect violated or contested rights, freedoms and legitimate interests of subjects of civil, family, labor or other legal relations.
The Code of the Russian Federation on Administrative Offenses contains legal norms of both substantive (defines administrative offenses, administrative penalties, etc.) and procedural law (regulates proceedings in cases of administrative offenses).
Administrative jurisdiction can only be exercised by a court.
Individual subjects (citizens, officials, individual entrepreneurs) and legal entities can be held administratively liable.
A warning is one of the types of administrative punishment.

Answer:

№
17.
Choose the correct judgments about administrative jurisdiction in the Russian Federation and write down the numbers under which they are indicated.

Administrative jurisdiction is the consideration and resolution of civil cases in order to protect violated or contested rights, freedoms and legitimate interests of subjects of civil, family, labor or other legal relations.
The Code of the Russian Federation on Administrative Offenses contains legal norms of both substantive (defines administrative offenses, administrative penalties, etc.) and procedural law (regulates proceedings in cases of administrative offenses).
Administrative jurisdiction can only be exercised by a court.
Individual subjects (citizens, officials, individual entrepreneurs) and legal entities can be held administratively liable.
A warning is one of the types of administrative punishment.

Answer: 2 4 5.

№
18.
Establish a correspondence between the powers and participants in criminal proceedings in the Russian Federation: for each position given in the first column, select the corresponding position from the second column.

Powers

A) file motions and challenges

B) apply compulsory educational measures to a person in accordance with the requirements of the law

B) find a person guilty of committing a crime

D) carry out criminal prosecution on behalf of the state

D) exercise supervision over the procedural activities of inquiry bodies and preliminary investigation bodies

Participants in criminal proceedings in the Russian Federation

court
prosecutor
Victim

Write down the selected numbers in the table under the corresponding letters.

Answer: A B C D D

Powers

A) file motions and challenges

B) apply compulsory educational measures to a person in accordance with the requirements of the law

B) find a person guilty of committing a crime

D) carry out criminal prosecution on behalf of the state

D) exercise supervision over the procedural activities of inquiry bodies and preliminary investigation bodies

Participants in criminal proceedings in the Russian Federation

court
prosecutor
Victim

Write down the selected numbers in the table under the corresponding letters.

Answer: A B C D D

3 1 1 2 2

№
19.
On the eve of the official registration of marriage, adult citizens of the Russian Federation Nikolai and Irina decided to enter into a marriage contract. Find in the list the items related to the form and possible content of the marriage contract, and write down the numbers under which they are indicated.

written agreement
ways to share in each other's income
place of residence of children in case of parental divorce
notarization
distribution of household duties
employment and employment of spouses

Answer:

written agreement
ways to share in each other's income
place of residence of children in case of parental divorce
notarization
distribution of household duties
employment and employment of spouses

Answer: 1 2 4

№
20.
Fill in the word(s) in place of the blanks.

“Worldview is a person’s system of views on _____ (A) and his place in it. The structure of a worldview includes knowledge, principles, ideas, beliefs, ___ (B). ___ (C) is a product of the everyday life of people, in the sphere of which their needs are met. ___ (D) is associated with the recognition of the supernatural principle, supports in people the hope that they will receive what they are deprived of in everyday life. ____(D) is a theoretical understanding of the results of people’s cognitive activity, its generalized results. Worldview plays a significant role in a person’s life: it gives a person guidelines and goals for his practical and theoretical activities; allow people to understand how best to achieve their goals and objectives, makes it possible to determine true values and_____(E).

List of terms:

ideals 6) material wealth
everyday worldview 7) the world around us
scientific worldview meaning of life
sensory cognition 9) rational cognition
religious worldview

Fill the table:

Answer: A B C D E E

№
20.
Fill in the word(s) in place of the blanks.

List of terms:

ideals 6) material wealth
everyday worldview 7) the world around us
scientific worldview meaning of life
sensory cognition 9) rational cognition
religious worldview

Fill the table:

Answer: A B C D E E

7 1 2 5 3 8

Part 2.

Read the text and complete tasks 21-24.

The answer to the question about the prevalence of politics in society directly depends on its interpretation, as well as on specific types of social and political systems. From a broad understanding of politics as any activity and behavior related to power, authority, organization and management, it logically follows that it penetrates into all areas of public life: economics, culture, religion, science, sports, etc. As the famous American writes political scientist Robert Dahl, political associations include not only organizations such as the state and parties, but also trade unions, private clubs, business enterprises, religious organizations, groups of citizens, wild tribes, clans and even individual families...

Part 2.

At the same time, a broad interpretation of politics is fraught with the danger of obscuring its features, dissolving among phenomena close to politics in nature - power, social organization, management, the study of which is the subject of special sciences, respectively: sociology of power, sociology of organization, management theory.

More specifically, the criteria and boundaries of policy are defined by M. Weber. He writes: “An association can be called political if the execution of its orders is constantly carried out in a certain territory under threat or with the use of coercion from an administrative authority.”

Part 2.

Thus, Weber limits the criteria of political power to the constancy of power, its extension to a certain territory, and the presence of special coercive bodies. It is easy to see that Weber associates politics with the national macro-level of its functioning.”

Almost any public problem can become political if, in the opinion of political leaders, it affects the interests of the entire society and requires decisions that are binding on all citizens. Politics is an instrument of conscious self-regulation of society.

Part 2.

Therefore, it can extend to a wide variety of social phenomena, both those that require constant government regulation (for example, protecting the safety of citizens, public order, international relations, etc.), and those that temporarily acquire political significance (for example , state assistance to the population in case of natural disasters).

Covering many economic, cultural, religious and other phenomena, politics does not replace them, and gives them a special aspect - making them the object of influence of public authority...

The multifaceted nature of various public associations is ultimately explained by the diversity of human qualities and social roles.

(V.P. Pugachev, A.I. Solovyov)

№
21.
What broad understanding of politics is given in the text? What, according to the authors, is the danger of such an understanding? What criteria of the political were proposed by M. Weber?

Answer:

understanding: any activity and behavior related to power, authority, organization and management:
danger: obscuring the features of politics, dissolving it among phenomena close to politics in nature - power, special organization, management, the study of which is the subject of special sciences;
criteria: constancy of power, its spread over a certain territory, the presence of special enforcement agencies

№
22.
Give three explanations of the phrase: “Politics is an instrument of social self-regulation of society.”

Answer:

politics involves coordinating the interests of various political forces;
the policy takes into account the current socio-economic situation;
policy can be aimed at targeted reform of society.

№
23.
How do the authors explain the multifaceted nature of various public associations? Illustrate this explanation of the authors with three examples.

Answer:

explanation: the variety of qualities and social roles of a person;
examples:

one of the basic social roles of a person is his role as a consumer; in country Z there are numerous consumer protection organizations;
citizens exercise their political rights; Arkady joined a political party;
Citizens exercise freedom of religion by participating in various religious organizations; Makar is Orthodox, Rustam is Muslim.

№
24.
What sphere of public life (social processes, phenomena), in your opinion, should be most protected from political influence? Indicate three areas (processes, phenomena) and in each case briefly explain your opinion.

Answer:

religious sphere (issues of religious faith are the sphere of free self-determination of a person; political coercion cannot lead a person to sincere faith or atheism);
processes associated with cultural creativity (in cultural creativity, freedom and diversity of artistic ideas and techniques are valuable, and not the propaganda of certain political ideas);
economic processes (the market should remain primarily a self-regulating system; following the political situation can lead to an economic crisis and disorganization of economic relations).

№
25.
What meaning do social scientists give to the concept of “employment contract”? Using knowledge from a social science course, compose two sentences: one sentence containing information about the age of concluding an employment contract as a general rule, and one sentence revealing any feature of concluding an employment contract with minor workers.

№
25.
Answer:

The meaning of the concept: an agreement between an employee and an employer establishing their mutual rights and obligations;
As a general rule, concluding an employment contract is permitted with persons who have reached the age of 16;
An employment contract can be concluded with a student who has reached the age of 14 years, with the consent of one of the parents (guardian) and the guardianship authority to perform light labor in his free time from study that does not harm his health and does not disrupt the learning process.

№
26.
Using three examples, show the various functions of education in the life of modern society. (In each case, first give an example and then state the function it illustrates.)

Answer:

More than 10 million children study in schools in country Z, they master the knowledge accumulated by society and gain experience in various fields of activity (socialization of new generations);
Due to the significant number of job vacancies, State Y launched a program for the development of secondary vocational education (meeting the needs of the national economy for professional personnel);
In connection with the informatization of the educational sphere, teachers are gradually learning to use a computer and work on the Internet, which leads to the active introduction of new methods of teaching schoolchildren (participation in the development and dissemination of new technologies);
Every year, millions of people graduate from secondary educational institutions, enter universities, graduate from them and find work in their specialty (education as a social elevator).

№
27.
To open a car repair shop, the entrepreneur took out a loan, purchased equipment, spare parts and other necessary materials. He hired 26 workers on a piecework basis. Name one fixed and two variable production costs in the short run mentioned in the problem statement. (Be sure to indicate the type of cost in your answer.) Based on social science knowledge, indicate another possible constant cost (not according to the conditions of the problem).

№
27.
Answer:

–fixed cost - payment of interest to the bank for the loan;

-variables - costs for materials, spare parts, etc.; piecework wages for employees;

2) Possible fixed costs:

- rent of premises;

payment for security of the premises;
insurance premiums

№
28.
You are instructed to prepare a detailed answer on the topic “Social control”. Make a plan according to which you will cover this topic. The plan must contain at least three points, of which two or more are detailed in subparagraphs.

Answer:

The concept of "social control".
Social control functions:

a) regulation and consolidation of society;

b) ensuring the stability of society;

c) eliminating (minimizing) deviations, etc.

3. Self-control as one of the mechanisms of social control.

4. External control as a set of social sanctions.

5. Types of social sanctions:

a) formal informal;

b) Positive and negative

References.

Unified State Exam. Social science. Typical exam options. O.A.Kotova, T.E. Lisova. Publishing house National Education. Moscow. 2020

Types of punishment for employees: disciplinary and material methods of punishment

Their types are established by Art.

192 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation and are presented in the form:

;
.
;

It is worth noting that these methods are presented in order of increasing severity. The grounds for their use also depend on the exact degree of severity of the disciplinary offense. The main method of influence in this case is the monetary component, with the help of which the employee is punished for various offenses.

Examples of material penalties could be:

If you want to find out how to solve your particular problem, please contact us through the online consultant form or call:

Moscow: .
Saint Petersburg: .

;
(depreciation);
temporary reduction in social package, etc.
attraction to ;

How to deprive an employee of bonuses

The bonus refers to the variable component of wages.

The employer reserves the right to ignore its accrual if there are compelling reasons for this, approved and enshrined in the local acts of the company and the Regulations regarding bonuses. Grounds for deprivation of bonuses If the company does not have approved relevant local regulations, then employers reserve the legal right (but often unlawful) to make a decision regarding the deprivation of bonus payments to the employee. When exactly is the bonus reduction procedure legal from the point of view of federal law?

This type of punishment can be applied if: An employee regularly violates not only internal regulations, but also discipline in particular. The employee, for various reasons, does not fulfill his job duties.

Deprivation of bonuses: a disciplinary measure or an employer's right? (Petrova A.)

, as well as the employee’s previous behavior, his attitude towards work (para.

3 clause 53 of the Resolution of the Plenum of the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation dated March 17, 2004 N 2

“On the application by the courts of the Russian Federation of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation”

Thus, by virtue of the above norms of labor legislation, a disciplinary sanction can be applied for a disciplinary offense. A disciplinary offense is a culpable, unlawful failure or improper performance by an employee of his labor duties, including violation of job descriptions, regulations, orders of the employer. Failure to comply or improper performance of labor duties is found guilty if the employee acted intentionally or through negligence. Failure to perform or improper performance of duties for reasons beyond the control of the employee cannot be considered as misconduct.

Memo from an employee: goals and sample

The memo is drawn up by the employee in the name of his immediate supervisor or in the name of the head of another department. It allows you in a short time:

notify the manager about the current problem;
make proposals to eliminate it or agree on an action plan with another employee;
induce a manager to make a decision or issue an order.

It is also proof that the specialist who discovered a problem in the work process did not let the situation take its course, but notified his management about it so that they could make a prompt decision. That is, he was not idle.

Types of notes

Let's look at the main types of service letters:

about requesting information;
about violations committed by an employee while performing his job duties;
about sending on a business trip or business trip;
on employee bonuses.

In addition, a memo (a sample is presented below) can accompany the transfer of a package of documents between divisions, divisions, departments within the organization (for third-party organizations it is necessary to prepare cover letters).

It can also be sent to employees with a requirement to explain the reason for their absence from work. The memo may contain any questions regarding work issues.

Compilation rules

The main rule that must be followed when drafting is brevity. The document should clearly state the essence of the problem, as well as ways to solve it. As a rule, the text should not take more than 6-7 lines. There is no unified form for paper; arbitrary forms are used.

Example of a memo

Despite this, when writing, you should take into account the provisions of GOST R 7.0.97-2016, which require the following details:

the paper must contain a header. It indicates to whom the document is addressed (position and full name of the employee in the dative case);
then the name of the document is indicated;
the date of its compilation and number are entered;
a description of the current situation due to which the note is drawn up: “I bring to your attention...”, then the text must contain a specific request;
Below is the position and full name. compiler, signature with transcript.

The completed document should be registered with the secretary of the enterprise as incoming correspondence. After this, you can be sure that the director will receive the memo and review it personally.

How to submit electronically

Many enterprises have adopted electronic document management. Therefore, the memo, an example of which was written above, can be issued electronically. In this case, it is sent to the enterprise’s corporate email. The secretary is responsible for further sorting and forwarding of letters to recipients.

This transfer method saves paper and employee time. In this case, the document is drawn up in the same way as on paper. It is advisable that it bears the electronic signature of the sender.

To make sure that the sent document has been read by the manager, when sending, you should request a “mail read receipt” by checking the box on the sending form.

Sample document

Often, when solving work issues, there is a need to convey important information to the manager. Sometimes circumstances require that an explanation of the situation and a warning against mistakes be presented in writing.

In this case, it is necessary not only to correctly present the facts, but also to correctly draw up the document. Compiling it often causes difficulties, especially in the absence of experience. But this is not difficult to do if you have examples before your eyes. That is why we have prepared samples, after reviewing which you will be able to correctly draw up the document.

An official memorandum on bonuses is the basis for issuing an order to reward an employee. It is drawn up by the employee’s immediate supervisor addressed to the director of the organization.

The document indicates the merits of the worker, the request for incentives, the data of the employee and the compiler. After consideration and a positive decision, the director issues an order on bonuses.

Sample memo on how to ask the director for a bonus for an employee

If during work circumstances arose due to which the employee could not fully perform his job function, an explanatory note is used. It indicates the reasons.

Sample explanatory note

A memo is used if an employee needs to contact the manager with a request to allocate funds for work needs. In this case, the document sets out the facts of the production need to purchase materials.

How to write a memo correctly, sample

Shelf life

According to the List of standard management archival documents generated in the course of the activities of state bodies, local governments and organizations, indicating storage periods, approved by Order of the Ministry of Culture of Russia dated August 25, 2010 No. 558, internal memos must be stored in the archives of the enterprise for at least five years. If necessary, the director of the organization has the right to extend the storage period. The storage period for documents issued electronically may be determined by the company's charter.

Source: https://www.klerk.ru/buh/articles/484859/

Punishment for rewarding employees

Characteristics Leader Lazy Business qualities - has personal organization and is able to organize others; — disciplined; - principled; — reliable in almost any area; obligated to fulfill his duty; - has flexibility in communication; - proactive; - diplomatic; - completely independent; - responsible; - quickly adapts to a new team - does not want to do anything on his own; - never offers help; - has reduced performance; - aimed at idleness, idleness; - has an extremely negative attitude towards work in general; - has a slow reaction to the task received; - does not complete the task until a second reminder; - does not submit a report on the work done before requesting the ability - can quickly assemble a team under his leadership; - able to correctly distribute the responsibilities of each member of the team;

Deprivation of bonus

For example, a reprimand and monetary penalty in the form of deprivation of bonus payments.

In this case, the court may declare the actions of the enterprise management unlawful. Also controversial would be the deprivation of payments in case of violation of the dress code or the creation of a conflict situation in the team. In these cases, it is legitimate to use a reprimand, rather than deprive the employee of a bonus for conscientious work.

After all, clothing, in fact, does not in any way affect labor productivity and the employee’s performance of his job duties.

Namely, bonuses are most often awarded for this (they are provided for in the provisions of the employment contract). If a controversial situation arises regarding the appointment or deprivation of bonus payments to an employee, the court will take into account all the facts relating to the specific case.

Incentives and penalties

Incentives

Measures of moral encouragement

: • declaration of gratitude;
• awarding a certificate of honor; • nomination for the title “Best in Profession”; Measures of material incentives : • issuance of bonuses;
• rewarding with a valuable gift. The list of incentive measures given in the Labor Code of the Russian Federation is not exhaustive. It provides only the main types of incentive measures that have become widespread in practice. The internal labor regulations of the organization, as well as charters and regulations on discipline may provide for other types of incentives. For example, additional paid holidays, compensation for annual vacation costs, personal allowances, interest-free loans for the purchase of residential premises may be established, additional, in addition to those provided for by the Labor Code of the Russian Federation and other legal acts, honorary titles for employees, and the assignment of an employee to special conferences, seminars, internships, creating more comfortable working conditions for the employee, etc. Thus, the list of incentives can be supplemented depending on the needs and capabilities of a particular employer. In addition, for special labor services to society and the state, employees can be nominated for state awards. The list of honorary titles and the Regulations on honorary titles of the Russian Federation were approved by Decree of the President of the Russian Federation of December 30, 1995 No. 1341 “On the establishment of honorary titles of the Russian Federation, approval of the Regulations on honorary titles and descriptions of the breastplate for honorary titles of the Russian Federation.” The title “Best in Profession” is an industry award for special labor merits. As a rule, the conferment of industry honorary titles is carried out on the recommendation of the employer by the heads of ministries with the participation of the relevant trade union bodies. One of the types of material incentives for employees for conscientious work is rewarding with a valuable gift. The maximum value of a valuable gift is not limited by law and is determined by the employer at his discretion based on the personal merits of each employee. One-time cash bonuses are also a common form of financial reward for conscientious work.

This is important to know: Military discipline: rewards and disciplinary sanctions for military personnel